Posts Tagged ‘Backwoods Home’

Wilson’s Snipe

Wilson's Snipe

Early in June, while fishing on the Passadumkeag River, at dusk I started hearing a strange sound….like a woop woop woop, low in tone, but persistent, and there was obviously more than one individual making the noise.   I described it as sounding like something you would hear on the Serengeti, or the jungle, it was almost monkey like and other worldly. I recalled that I perhaps had heard it once before, but it was a long time ago.   I debated recording it with the digital camera, but didn’t, which I deeply regretted later.  I asked a few people about what it was I had heard, including my avid bird watching parents, and couldn’t come up with an answer.  So, I started searching the web, and you can imagine the results I got when I searched for woop woop woop marsh call.  I considered maybe it was some sort of tree frog, so I searched all the frogs in Maine and listened to their calls and came up with nothing that sounded similar.  It could almost be a tree frog, but it would have to be a sub-species or some exotic that wasn’t on the list, maybe a “whooping frog”.  So I crossed that off the list and moved on to owls, thinking it was dusk and perhaps could be an owl.  I went through all the owls species in Maine and listened to their call and again nothing matched.  Hmmm…what the heck did I hear out there – some exotic rare new species?  I thought about it for a while and gave up for a while.  Then I thought, what about bats?  Turns out the brown bat actually makes a noise, but alas, wasn’t the one I heard.  My parents suggested some shore birds, but most shore birds make a  croak/auk/shrill kreek sound and I knew that wasn’t it.   I didn’t think it could be an insect, as the sound would be too complicated.  I pondered for a bit that maybe it was a type of wing sound, similar to a Partridge drumming it’s wings;

Turns out I was on the right track with that thought – a search for strange whooping marsh sounds finally  turned up the culprit, which is not something I would have thought of – a Wilson’s Snipe.  Here is a link to the exact sound I heard on the marsh that day(click on the listen arrow) -Wilsons Snipe.

What’s amazing to me is they do that with their feathers, similar to the Woodcock  “dance” which I have seen lots of times, the woodcock is also a snipe.

In fact, I would be hard pressed to tell the difference between the two in the field without some practice…the Wilsons Snipe is pictured at the top of the post, and this is a Woodcock;

Woodcock

Turns out the Wilson’s Snipe is  a pretty common bird in Maine – and unlike the Woodcock, I can’t find video of it’s mating ritual anywhere.  Now that I know where they are, next year maybe I can get it on film, and see if I can find what one of their hidden nests look like, and maybe get a picture of the elusive bird – you can find out more about them here.  I’m glad I didn’t give up, and that I now know what mysterious noise I was hearing on the river that night.

 

 

 

 

Keeping Chickens

 

Keeping chickens for eggs and meat is not only fun, it’s easy and cheap too.  And, if you manage things right you only have to buy them once.  The first thing you need is housing for your chickens.  Chickens will thrive in almost any coop, and there are a myriad of options and plans available out there.  I used a fast framer kit which allows someone without a lot of carpentry skills to build a building without having to worry about cutting angles properly.

There are also lots of ideas on square footage per chicken – the coop I built was about 56 square feet, and typically chickens need about 3-5 square feet per bird to be comfortable, so technically my coop should hold about 10-18 birds comfortably, although over the winter I kept about 6 for my needs, and 25 for the summer months.    Murray McMurray hatchery is what I used to buy my chickens and equipment to feed and water them.  You have to order 25 birds at at time  and they come through the mail.  Murray McMurray also usually sends you a free gift exotic bird as well.  There are special feeders for the baby chicks so they don’t stand or poop in the food bin, and they need to have a heat lamp without a draft over them.  The lamp has to be placed so that they can move under it to get warm, and be able to move away from it if they get hot.  After about 4 weeks, they’re ready to move into the coop.  Baby chicks get medicated chick starter for food in the beginning. I keep mine on it for a couple of weeks, and then switch over to chick starter until they are old enough for laying pellets.
Here is a pretty good video on setting up a brooder, I like the plastic tote idea.

Murray McMurray’s website has lots of useful free information for the beginner, and there is lots of good information here.    There are several breeds of chickens that work well for both meat and eggs, my favorite is Rhode Island Reds. If you order 25 straight run (straight run is unsexed, cheaper, and about 50% male and female) and keep one of the roosters, in the spring you can hatch your eggs using a incubator or a broody hen, and raise them for the summer for the freezer in the fall, recycling your laying hens from the previous year.  Here is how my coop looked;

Henhouse

There is a window on the side and the back, where it gets the most sun each day.  In books you may find that people “light” chickens to keep them at 14 hours of light per day after natural light drops below that point, but I never have, and although egg production slows during the winter months it never stops.   The door for the chickens is on the left side of the coop – just a small door for them to come out each morning.  Your chicken door needs a good latch though – raccoons are excellent at figuring out how to open things.  On the front door there is a piece of wood that can be lifted off and underneath it is hardware cloth for ventilation during the summer months.  As long as your coop is well built, and does not have any drafts it does not need to be insulated.  Here in Maine the winters get pretty cold, and my chickens survive just fine.   If you feel that you really want insulation, it needs to be inside a wall, chickens will pick it all apart.  My chickens were free range, that is to say I did not have them fenced in and they were free to forage for the day, returning to the coop at dark, where I would latch them in for the night.  You need roosts in your coop – I used 2×4′s across the top.   Chickens eat absolutely everything and enjoy table scraps too.  I use layer pellets from the local feed store, along with scratch corn and leftovers from the table as well.  Your local feed store will have shells (such as oyster or clam) too – chickens need them to keep their eggs hard.  Chickens also need grit to help digest their food – if they are free range you don’t really have to worry about it, but if you have them penned you may want to throw some grit in once in a while.  Chickens are perfect if you are a gardener too as their feces are fantastic fertilizer and full of nitrogen.  It may be hard to see in the picture, but to the left of the coop is a run that I built that is about 8 feet long, and fenced in.  You can put a few chickens in there and place them between the rows of your crops, and not only will they weed your garden for you, but they will fertilize it as well.  Putting poop directly on plants will burn them, but between the rows it works great.  The perfect recycler.  For the floor of the coop I use wood shavings, making sure in the morning to shovel out the nights poop from under the roosts  – doing it that way lets the wood shaving last for a while before you have to clear them out and replace them with fresh.  There are lots of descriptions about particular sizes and shapes for nest boxes, I used a couple of old horse tack boxes – they were not very big, enough for a chicken to get into and turn around, and enough for them to feel hidden.  A good trick to get them using the nest box is to put a wooden egg in them, you can get one at any craft store.   It’s fun to watch chickens in the yard, and listen  to their various calls.  Some days they seem really intelligent, and some days the opposite.  They are hardy and easy critters to keep.

The act of killing a chicken to eat can be a difficult one for anybody, and some people can’t do it.  It is a fact of life, that something dies so that you can live.  Celebrate the fact that you are providing for yourself, that you chicken had a much better life than a commercial chicken did, and that there are no chemicals or hormones in the meat you are going to eat.  Here are a couple of videos on how to do it correctly.  For me personally, I didn’t bother scalding and plucking, rather I just took the skin off and quartered.  There is also some good information in slaughtering day for the meat chickens.

When I first decided to keep chickens, the book below was very helpful to me.  Give it a try – it’s fun and easy, and there’s nothing like watching a rooster strutting his stuff.

 

The Rhyme of a Remittance Man

Egypt Stream

A somewhat obscure, but decent poem written by Robert Service .  The text of the poem is below.

 

 

There’s a four-pronged buck a-swinging in the shadow of my cabin,
And it roamed the velvet valley till to-day;
But I tracked it by the river, and I trailed it in the cover,
And I killed it on the mountain miles away.
Now I’ve had my lazy supper, and the level sun is gleaming
On the water where the silver salmon play;
And I light my little corn-cob, and I linger, softly dreaming,
In the twilight, of a land that’s far away.

Far away, so faint and far, is flaming London, fevered Paris,
That I fancy I have gained another star;
Far away the din and hurry, far away the sin and worry,
Far away — God knows they cannot be too far.
Gilded galley-slaves of Mammon — how my purse-proud brothers taunt me!
I might have been as well-to-do as they
Had I clutched like them my chances, learned their wisdom, crushed my fancies,
Starved my soul and gone to business every day.

Well, the cherry bends with blossom and the vivid grass is springing,
And the star-like lily nestles in the green;
And the frogs their joys are singing, and my heart in tune is ringing,
And it doesn’t matter what I might have been.
While above the scented pine-gloom, piling heights of golden glory,
The sun-god paints his canvas in the west,
I can couch me deep in clover, I can listen to the story
Of the lazy, lapping water — it is best.

While the trout leaps in the river, and the blue grouse thrills the cover,
And the frozen snow betrays the panther’s track,
And the robin greets the dayspring with the rapture of a lover,
I am happy, and I’ll nevermore go back.
For I know I’d just be longing for the little old log cabin,
With the morning-glory clinging to the door,
Till I loathed the city places, cursed the care on all the faces,
Turned my back on lazar London evermore.

So send me far from Lombard Street, and write me down a failure;
Put a little in my purse and leave me free.
Say: “He turned from Fortune’s offering to follow up a pale lure,
He is one of us no longer — let him be.”
I am one of you no longer; by the trails my feet have broken,
The dizzy peaks I’ve scaled, the camp-fire’s glow;
By the lonely seas I’ve sailed in — yea, the final word is spoken,
I am signed and sealed to nature. Be it so.

Tales of An Empty Cabin

Tu es mon compagnon de voyage!
Je veux mourir dans mon canot
Sur le tombeau, près du rivage,
Vous renverserez mon canot!

When I must leave the great river
O bury me close to its wave
And let my canoe and my paddle
Be the only mark over my grave.

Translated by Oliver Call.

 

I can’t recall for sure where I first came across the book Tales of an Empty Cabin, written by Grey Owl. It was possibly just a random book search. I’m glad I did though, because it is a remarkable book, and extremely well written. Grey Owl’s entire life was a bit of an enigma. The world first heard of him through his writing, and then eventually speeches that he was asked to give. To the world he presented himself as a Native American who had an Apache mother and moved to Canada to join the Ojibwa and first was a wilderness fur trapper, who then turned conservationist. His writing is very pervasive, romantic, and tugs at the heartstrings. For me the pendulum swung the other way – I started out as a conservationist, swung to a trapper, and now things are evening out between the two. Time will tell where that ends up for me.  If you choose to read the book, keep in mind the time frame that it was written. In the early 1900’s beaver populations were drastically reduced due to exploitation. With the benefit of conservation laws, seasons, and limits, the beaver population is back with a vengeance. Here in Maine current laws are very liberal for the taking of beaver as the state has a large population. I believe that the ambivalence lies within all who take to the woods to some degree, and the pendulum can swing fast or slow in the process. Certainly reading Grey Owls account of listening to the mate of the beaver they had shot calling out through the night for its mate is very emotional.   In the story one of the people in the traveling party kills a beaver, and during the night they hear it’s mate calling out for it.  The member of the party sleeping next to Grey Owl asks what that noise is, and Grey Owl dismisses it to him as nothing.  But he knows what it is.

Trappers understand animals and their habits more than anybody, and it’s often hard to explain the conundrum of being able to empathize and befriend a creature of the wild whilst running a trapline for another. I guess I can empathize somewhat more with the coyote with mange, or the beaver with mallocclusion. Beaver, like other rodents have teeth that continuously grow, and they need to gnaw to keep them sharp, and the correct length. Mallocclusion is when one becomes out of alignment, or grows past the point where the beaver can gnaw it back, and the creature is left unable to eat, and sometimes the teeth grow long enough to puncture the skull. I’ve seen it.

My favorite story in the book is The Tree. The author describes in great detail the very long life of a tree, from when a squirrel accidentally dropped a nut on the ground, to the deer browsing it’s neighbors, the rabbit eating its bark, and the moose using it for sparring practice. It goes on to describe the native American that visited it, the white man that explored it, and the road coming through that killed it. It is a fantastic story that puts a lot of life and time into perspective for me.

Grey Owl is most famous for his cabin at Ajaawan Lake, where a beaver house was incorporated into the cabin, and he was made Honorary Warden for the protection of the beaver colony. The story is in the book, and is a well regaled account of the daily activities of the beaver, who were allowed to roam the cabin. It is also probably the first case study of its kind on beaver behavior. I love the stories of the beaver tetter-tottering around the cabin on their rear legs carrying mud for the lodge, of how the male would become aggressive and jealous of the author when the female would come into heat, and the stories of chairs and other woodwork being eaten and chewed in the authors absence. It must have been some interesting times, and it is great to be able to share them in the book.

Grey Owl never made it to his 50th birthday. For someone that passed so young, he had an incredible life. After his death, the enigma of his life was discovered. He was born in England in 1888, and had no Native American ties at all,  a fraud that dented the conservation movement he had created, but certainly did not change what he did, or his experiences.  It’s just who he wanted to be, and what he became.

Here is a video of Grey Owl, his cabin, and the beavers – I wish I could hear the real sounds in the video, the narration is a little cheesy, but the video makes up for it -

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And a short video of his cabin and the lake;

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And apparently I missed the memo when the movie came out – but one did – I’ll be watching it soon – here is the trailer:

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A Beast Caged in the Heart of the City

I long to awake in the morning, and put on an old flannel shirt and corduroy pants that are mended and moccasins covered with dirt – I care not a cuss where the place is, nor how far away it may be, so long as its up in the open where I can unleash and be free.

Anon 1947

I remember a line in a book I was reading years ago that said you could blindfold someone and put them on the tarmac in any city, and all they would be able to tell you is where they weren’t.   If you think about that for a minute you’ll realize it’s true.  Everything looks the same, there is no uniqueness or individuality.   As much as people complain (yet still go) to Wal Mart, as Americans we’re essentially living in one to some extent.

It always surprised me at the University of Maine when a student from an urban area of a different state would exclaim that there was nothing to do here.  It’s true that you can’t go hit a few comedy clubs at 11pm if you want, and there is a small part of me that misses that too.  But had I gone to college in an urban setting I would have said there is nothing to do here too.  We had a great time in college – we hunted, fished, explored, snowmobiled, and canoed.  I’ll always remember cutting classes on the first day of partridge season to go hunting in the warm October sun, and hanging out in the (now defunct) Rams Horn and Oronoka listening to live music in an intimate atmosphere.

Kids growing up these days aren’t exposed to the “other “ side of life that much anymore, and it wanes with each passing year.  As Aldo Leopold aptly said – “There are two spiritual dangers in not owning a farm.  One is supposing that food comes from the grocery store, and the other is that heat comes from the furnace.”  I would propose that his quote has more meaning today than ever.   With the unstable economies around the world, food prices being jacked up out of site because our nation’s corn is being converted to ethanol, and fuel prices never going back to the levels they were before, I think it behooves all of us to revisit the skills of our past.  There is a fantastic book called “back to basics” that pretty much has everything in it you would ever need to know on how to take care of yourself and become independent again.

Land in rural areas of this country is still cheap to buy.   When I built my cabin I had very rudimentary carpentry skills and yet with some determination was able to clear and stump a spot, cut, peel, and lug out of the woods each cedar log, and build it from scratch using hand tools.    Imagine no mortgage, no utility bill, and a small food bill.  Imagine the satisfaction of being independent, of not being tied to the latest woes of the economy.  Imagine no longer being a beast caged in the heart of the city.

Here is a video of camp going up.  I started harvesting the wood in 2003 and 2004.  In the fall of 2004 the cement piers went in – 2005 it got build, and in early 2006 I finished the inside.

 

The Phoebe

The phoebe is back again this year, as she has since the year after the cabin was built.  The first year she had a nest up under the eaves near the back of the cabin, but the next year she moved to the eaves of the porch and she has been there since, building up the nest a little more every year.

We try not to disturb her to much, but it’s a tad hard when she is living just above the door.  Lying there in the morning I can hear her fly away from the nest and I can tell when she’s come back to the nest as her young vocalize to be fed.

She’s never far away,  and sometimes will scold us a little from a nearby tree when we are sitting on the porch.  It must not bother her too much though, because she continues to come back year after year.  Of course, I have no way of knowing that it’s the same exact bird, but I would like to think that it is.  Perhaps one of these years the nest will stay empty and I will know.  I kind of like having her around, because phoebe’s eat insects, and in the spring there certainly are plenty around for her to eat.

It’s fascinating to think that she has migrated from her winter habitat in the southernmost US and Central America.  Flying all that way to return to her nest at our cabin, and then returning south in the fall.  It actually doesn’t take them very long at all to grow up and leave the nest, they do make a bit of a mess on the porch – but it’s pretty easy to clean up.  I’m glad she’s back.

The Chesuncook Lake Gun

Going over Roll Dam

As I approached the lip of the falls I had second thoughts about going over them, but it was too late for that.  Suddenly I was thrown into the maelstrom and tossed about as if in a washing machine.  I felt myself moving forward and opened my eyes briefly to see the rocks on the walls of the trench I was in whizzing by, and quickly closed them again.  Then the current slowed, and my lifejacket popped me to the surface of the river.  I grabbed the rescue rope and pulled myself to shore to join the others.

We were starting a Boy Scout trip down the West Branch of the Penobscot River, and one of the rights of passage to beginning the trip was going over the washed out Roll Dam in nothing but a lifejacket and a helmet.  How fearful and exhilarating it was to swim out into the water above the falls, and feel the strong current grab you and pull you to the brink.  Better than any amusement ride out there.   This was my first long canoe camping trip, and I was quickly hooked.  I remember a couple of highlights of camping on an island in the river and feeding fallfish we had caught to a nearby soaring osprey.   One evening I went out for a paddle up a stream next to where we were camping, and on the way back down a huge moose crossed the stream just in front of me.  It was amazing for me to watch, and I so wanted to move to Maine and see this every day.

The upper west branch that we were paddling drains into Chesuncook Lake, a reservoir formed by Ripogenous dam.  It’s about 22 miles long and 1-4 miles wide, with a maximum depth of 150 feet.  I’ll never forget coming  around the corner into Chesuncook and seeing the Chesuncook Lake House, smack dab in the middle of nowhere it seemed so big.  We pulled in to the grassy shore and went up to the house to check it out.  They rent rooms and cabins, and at the time I was there,  had a small store where we bought homemade root beer and homemade bread.  We sprawled out on the grassy lawn overlooking Chesuncook and ate and drank our root beer.  My Dad as a joke mentioned to be careful drinking the root beer, as it contained a tiny bit of alcohol, and after that one of the kids in our troop started acting like he was a little drunk.  It was pretty funny.  Chesuncook Lake House  has a webcam that you can see here – this is the view we had while on the grass that day.  Chesuncook is a crossroads of sorts, you can head down past Ripogenous gorge ( where they whitewater raft) into the Penobscot River, you can head north to Umbazookus Lake into Mud Pond , carry  to Chamberlain and then down the Allagash, or you can head up to Black Pond, into Caucomgomoc Lake  and then up stream to Round Pond which is what we did.  I remember  climbing the firetower overlooking Allagash Lake and picking fresh strawberries to put in the pancakes for breakfast.  I paddled way up one of the brooks in the area, dragging over rocks and pulling upstream for a long ways.   Suddenly, perched on a rock in the middle of nowhere was an old rusty lamp, probably from the logging days.  It was magical almost, as if I was drawn to it somehow.

On the way back down from Round Pond  to Chesuncook the wind was behind us, and we lashed the canoes together and raised a large tarp and sailed the 22 miles down the length of Chesuncook.    This was one of my first encounters with the region, and the north woods with its adventures and secrets still calls out to me.  Those of you who hear it know what I’m talking about.

The region is full of rich history, tales and characters, most notably Hiram Johnson.

The following story  was printed in the Bangor Daily News on 12/19/2005, written by Wayne Reilly;

Mainers never cease to be fascinated by hermits. There have been an abundance of them immortalized in local histories or in the minds of older residents in nearly every community in the state. Most of these folks were harmless eccentrics, as was Hiram Johnson until one day in 1959 he shot and killed the logging contractor who had employed him near the bank of Chesuncook Lake, northwest of Mount Katahdin. Then he killed himself after setting his shack on fire.

Howard Collins knew Johnson when he was a boy growing up in Chesuncook Village. He recently discovered what is believed to be the only photograph of the hermit in existence. Johnson is displaying an auger, the device he used to bore holes in the ends of boom logs that were chained together and used to corral floating logs on their way to market. Why this stubborn, solitary man allowed his picture to be taken seems as much a mystery as the rampage that ended his life some years later.

Johnson was 70 years old and reportedly hard of hearing when he killed Leslie E. Spear after the logging contractor tried to enter the “horse hovel” he occupied. Spear was accompanied by two deputy sheriffs and an employee, according to the contemporary report in the Bangor Daily News on Sept. 22, 1959. The dispute, said the newspaper, was over pay, apparently aggravated by a second disagreement about whether Spear could take his logging equipment past Johnson’s squatter’s dwelling, located on land owned by Great Northern Paper Company. Today it is impossible to sort out all the nuances of this emotional dispute.

Howard Collins remembers Johnson well from when his father used to take him fishing near the hermit’s hovel, which was across the lake from Chesuncook Village, behind Gero Island. He lived in a clearing beside the lake in what is called the Cuxabexis region after a stream that flows into Chesuncook from a smaller lake by the same name. Collins recalls a man far different from the crazed “elderly woods recluse” portrayed in the newspapers in 1959.

“Hiram was not a bad guy. Some who didn’t know him just painted him that way because of the murder. All of the so-called ‘old timers’ at Chesuncook Village liked Hiram,” recalled Collins, who worked for Great Northern Paper Company for 32 years and still owns a camp in the area. “He lived in a small cabin at the south end of the village. Shortly after the end of World War II, perhaps 1948 or 1949, he moved to Cuxabexis. … The reason Hiram left the village was he felt it was becoming too crowded for him. … His cabin at the village burned and, needing a place to live, he knew of the horse hovel at Cuxabexis.”

“He was to say the least a very stubborn man,” said Collins, recounting a story about a large pile of scrap iron that Johnson had collected and piled by the side of the lake in the hopes of making some money. He built an enormous raft from 28-foot-long boom logs and piled the tons of iron on the raft. He poled and paddled the craft all the way down the lake, taking a week or more to get to Chesuncook Dam. Someone had called ahead to a junk dealer from Greenville. Johnson rejected the dealer’s offer and laboriously propelled the load back up the lake, unloading it on the shore.

Collins was surprised to run across the photograph of Johnson. It was strange that Hiram would pose for someone to take a picture of him, Collins said. But a viewer can interpret things differently. Perhaps Johnson did not consider the picture to be of him exactly, but of the tool that he was extending in a mittened hand at the end of his rigid right arm toward the camera, as if indicating the photographer should keep his distance. This photographer may have surprised him, saying, “Hiram, let me take a snapshot of that auger you use so well.” Johnson’s first impulse being pride, he posed stiffly, perhaps before he had a chance to think too much about it.

You can see that only photo of Hiram here.

I delved into the story a little further, and found the account from 1959.  It appears there are numerous accounts as to what really happened, for instance some stories say it was a shotgun, some say a rifle. Nevertheless, apparently Leslie Spear hired a deputy to fly him out via seaplane to Hiram’s cabin to talk to him about money the old hermit said that Spear owed him.  Hiram warned them away from his cabin and then fired a shot at Spear, killing him instantly.  The deputy ran back to the plane and radioed Greenville, where more deputies, fire wardens, and woodsmen formed a posse and flew in.  A doctor got close enough to Spear’s body to determine he was dead under covering fire, and amidst threats from the hermit.  Gunfire was exchanged throughout the morning, and then they lobbed tear gas into the cabin, prompting Hiram to run for another shack 100 yards away to take refuge.  The posse waited for nightfall to close in on the shack but in the meantime it caught fire.  They found Hiram in the remains of the shack, with a self inflicted gun shot wound.

Hiram was known for his feats of strength , often hiking to Greenville through the woods some 40 miles in distance for supplies.  He was said to have hauled 1100 pounds of grain up the ice on the lake “just like a horse”.    One of Maine’s many interesting characters.

Dad and I returned to Chesuncook some years later to do some camping and fishing.  The summer had been very dry, and the lake was extremely low.  You could see on the rocks where the water level usually was way up on shore.  We encountered a strange phenomenon while fishing there one day.  The Lake was very calm, and we were some distance from shore, when suddenly large waves appeared out of nowhere, almost as if a large boat had gone by and left a wake.  We rode out the waves successfully and talked about where they could have possibly come from.  Much later, after returning home, we learned that it was a phenomenon called Seiche, which can happen on large lakes when one side of the lake has a different atmospheric pressure than the other.  The phenomenon is described well here.

The next day we were on the opposite shore of the lake paddling and trolling for fish.  I was absent-mindedly staring at the bottom as it went by, bottom that would usually not be visible except that the lake was so low, when I spied something.  I shouted to my dad to look, and he saw it too.  We back-paddled and hovered over it trying to figure out what it was.   It looked like a gun case.  With paddles and fishing poles, we managed to fish it out, and not only was it a gun case, it had a gun in it.  A 30.06 rifle.  There was a barely visible name on the case that slowly faded from view as I read it.  The gun was quite rusty, and had been on the bottom for quite some time.  We brought it back to camp with us.  Later that evening we heard a motorboat out on the lake, and it was headed in our direction.  The man landed at the campsite, and talked with us about how the fishing was, the weather, and the lake level.  After some time, he introduced himself, and it was the same name that was on the gun.  I was just a kid at the time, and immediately told him that we found a gun with his name on it.  He picked up the gun and looked at it, and thanked us for finding it, and said that he had lost it while duck hunting the previous fall.  Despite being young, it seemed that the gun had been there longer than that, and I knew that you do not use a rifle to hunt ducks, you use a shotgun.   After getting the gun back, he shortly hopped back in the boat and left.  Dad and I thought about when we found the gun and realized that we had been within sight distance of a camp on the shore when we picked up the gun, although it was some distance away.  I’ll never know the true story behind that gun, dropped into the water at a depth where we wouldn’t have ever seen it, except the water level was low that year.  Another North Maine Woods secret that will never be told.

 

 

Anticipating Off Grid

I long to awake in the morning, and put on an old flannel shirt and corduroy pants that are mended and moccasins covered with dirt – I care not a cuss where the place is, nor how far away it may be, so long as its up in the open where I can unleash and be free.
Anon 1947

 

About 4am I woke up from the cold, the fire in the stove having gone out some hours before. The coals were not sufficient to get the big firewood going that I had there in the cabin, and I forced myself to go outside in the cold morning air to split a couple of sticks to get the fire going again. The headlamp lit the top of the stick as I hefted the maul and hit it. The noise split the silence of the morning, and immediately a coyote howled…it was really really close. And then another answered him slightly further away and off to my left. I shut off the headlamp and watched and listened. It was a quiet morning, and I could hear their footsteps on the hard snow just in the trees where I couldn’t see. They both howled to each other again, before their footsteps faded into the distance as they left.

This is part of what living off the grid means to me, being woken up by coyotes rather than large diesel trucks,neighbors, or commuters.  Watching the phoebe that nests in the same place in the rafters of camp each year to raise her young.  Calling in the whip-por-whil, an increasingly rare bird these days, while sitting by an outside fire last year was memorable.  Unfortunately I haven’t achieved it full time, but this blog is going to document my path there, from beginnings to actualization. I’m concerned about our economy, and the way things are in general. Typically, folks that worry about disasters and are prepared to survive are scoffed at. Some people believe (wrongly) that all will be forever taken care of in the case of disaster, economic or otherwise and that just simply isn’t true. I have the ways and the means to take care of myself, why shouldn’t I?   There is a great magazine geared toward taking care of yourself called Backwoods Home Magazine.

There are lots of things to be worried about. I’m confident in my building abilities, I harvested wood and built a log camp on my 30 acres in 2004-2006. You can read about that experience in my previous post here.   I’m not too worried about food. I have experience with keeping and harvesting chickens, and I am well acquainted with gardening and storing the harvest. I can keep myself warm, and I have 30 acres of woodland for the woodstove. Here in Maine, it takes 5 acres to sustainably harvest enough firewood. I’m sure I can figure out how to raise a cow and perhaps a pig for fall harvest. I have experience as a hunter, and game is plentiful in the area. I’m worried about two things, electricity and money. Having a camp off the grid has taught me that I’m a consumer of power. I have a small solar system there consisting of two 15 watt panels, a controller, inverter, and two deep cycle batteries. It’s enough to keep lights going for a weekend. The batteries aren’t the best, and I’ve had the lights go out when they were needed. Lighting candles at camp to see by to get through the night may be fun, but doing it at a place that is a home is not something I want to do on any kind of basis. When I contrast that with how I live at home, on the grid, I am a large consumer. Flat screen tv, computers (often left on for the night), refrigerators, stoves, printers, lights, the Wii system…the list goes on. It seems I would need an acre of solar panels, windmills, and generators to keep all of it going, and I’m not sure how I’m going to resolve that issue because I really don’t want to give any of it up. I know there are catalogs that have better bulbs, more efficient appliances, and other ways to work around things. I’m also not sure if I want to keep an inverter system, or move to a straight DC system, I know they make bulbs that run on DC as well. Any insight in that area from anyone reading this would be appreciated. My thought process at the moment is an array of solar panels, one or two small windmills, and a backup generator. Ideally a back-up diesel generator so I could potentially make my own fuel. I’ll have to research the wattage load, and calculate what I’ll need for a bank of batteries that will hold enough storage power. The other of course is money. This needs to be done as cheaply as possible, and I’ll be doing most of the labor myself. Possible thoughts are a chainsaw mill using raw material on the property. Lots of things to think about. For now, I’ll put a goal for this year on paper. The first is to decide on a doable design that combines adequate space, passive solar heat, and easy to build. Second, to decide where on the property to put it, and find a suitable place for a garden and animals. Finally, the ultimate goal for this year is water. The seasonal water table on the property is 4 feet. One of the neighbors down the road is living there full time off the grid, and he has a 6 foot tiled well that works for him. My property is downhill from a sizeable esker, and on the lower half of my land there are lots of cedar and standing water year round. So I know water is there, and I know it’s close. I previously tried using a drive-point well  but I hit a clay layer about three feet down, and ended up hitting the drive-point so hard that I broke the top of it. So, the plan is to take a drive bar to break through the clay layer, and the using the drive-point from there. I think with time and effort, it will work and then I’ll have to figure out how to pump it in such a way that it won’t freeze during the winter months. Everything takes time, if you look at it as one step at a time instead of being overwhelmed by the big picture, then before you know it everything is done.

 

A Cabin in the Woods


 

When I think of a cabin in the woods , I picture thick pine logs crafted into a squat building with a purlin roof and a curl of smoke passing from a stone chimney into frigid night air.  I’m not sure when the dream to have such a cabin took hold of me, but it took a turn in early 2000 when I bought 30 acres of  remote Maine woodland.  On my first viewing of the property within the first few minutes of entering the woods, I saw several deer and flushed a partridge, and looking around the vista surrounding me, I knew this was the place to realize the dream of a log cabin.  Of course the dream met reality, and I had to scale back my plans to what a working Mainer could afford.  At first, I looked at the kits from log home manufacturers.   Then I looked into cutting the cedar trees already on the property and paying to have them milled, but it was still too expensive.  Then I came across rough plans for a vertical log structure, in the old “trapper” style, aptly named because it could be built by one person, and the was the style the old trappers used to use on their traplines for a place to stay for the night.  Having only the most basic of carpentry skills, I decided to take things one step at a time, rather than letting the whole project begin overwhelming me.  I began harvesting the cedar logs , cut 73 inches long with a chain saw from the property, stripped their bark in the woods, and lugging them out one by one over my shoulder to the place where I had decided to build the cabin.  Old books advocate cutting the logs in winter so they would dry slower and thus be less apt to “check” during the process.  I suppose there is some truth to that, but stripping off cedar bark during the winter is hard work.  Granted, if you wait long enough it does get easier, but in spring and summer I could literally peel them faster than I could cut them.  When the change came in late August, it was dramatic.  One week the logs were easy to peel, and the next it was a bit harder, and then as the trees got ready for winter, it became really hard work to get one peeled.  I used a drawing knife and an old log peeler found in my grandfather’s garage.  I did experience some checking with the summer cut logs, but it wasn’t all that dramatic.  The biggest problem was the mold that grew on the wet wood.   I waited too long to bleach it, and some of it was permanently stained.  It took the weekends of two summers to get the bulk of the logs cut, peeled, and stacked to dry.  With the wood stacked, and still some time before winter set in, I decided to tackle the foundation. The area I had picked was relatively clear and level, needing only a little tree trimming.  After thinking it over and reading a couple of basic construction books, I decided the most viable and least expensive option was sonatube concrete piers.  The biggest problem with piers for a foundation is heaving in cold weather when the ground freezes and thaws.  But the soil at the cabin site was sandy, which meant it shouldn’t hold too much moisture.  I relied heavily on a wonderful book called Back to Basics   published by Reader’s digest, for the basic foundation knowledge.  This book has a wealth of information about all aspects of the old ways and common sense construction, but I was unable to find specific information on how far apart the support piers should be placed.  After speaking with a couple of local carpenters I decided on a dozen.  I then got it all square following the directions in the book, and  got it level using the old style batten boards.  At this point I rented a power auger and drilled the holes for the sonatubes, four feet deep for each.  I lugged in all of the 80 pound concrete bags by hand along with the water, and then mixed it on site.  With the upcoming winter approaching, I was happy to stop at this point, and anxious to see how the piers would survive the winter.  That winter was quite cold yet the piers showed no signs of failure that spring, so I felt comfortable that all was well.  It was time to start building.  The sills went on first, attached to the concrete piers with screws and metal brackets.  The joists and floor went on relatively quickly, and with only a few problems, all of which were fixable with a little backwoods engineering.  I was dreading beginning the walls with my less than perfectly straight logs, but they actually went on quite smoothly.  I would hold each log up against the last one installed and turn it to get the best fit.  Sometimes a log wouldn’t fit at all and a new one was chosen.  The logs were toe nailed to the sills.  Of course none of the logs were perfectly straight, but by using a level and eyeballing, I was able to guesstimate when things were as straight as they were going to get.  My goal for the gaps between the logs was an inch or less, and for most of them it was a half inch or less, with a couple of 2 inch exceptions.  I had to tear out several logs and replace them at one point as they looked straight close up, but crooked from a distance.  I tried to make things easy and simple and towards that end I cheated a bit on the windows and door by using landscape timbers that were milled flat on two sides and rounded on the other two.  By putting two landscape timbers together on either side of the windows and door, I created a nice straight and level place to nail the header and fit the frame.  With the goal of simplicity, I placed the top of the window header at the top of the wall and used landscape timbers as cripples to support the bottom of the window.  The header attached to the two landscape timbers took any weight off of the window frame.  I put in three windows and a door using this method, and they all fit and worked fine.  Once the walls and the windows were in I placed two landscape timbers on top of the wall, staggering where they butted against each other for strength.  This really strengthened the walls, made them a little taller, and gave me a place to attach the birds mouth of the rafters.  I learned from the mistake of a neighbor who was also building a cabin at the same time, to shore up the walls before putting up the rafters.  The rafters put pressure on the walls, especially before the collar ties are in place, and my neighbors walls bowed out after he put on the rafters.  Another lesson I learned with this project is that dimensional lumber isn’t exactly dimensional.  Several rafters jut out past others because they were longer than 8 feet.  A professional carpenter told me that they know this and slice off the ends after the job is done, I thought I had somehow screwed up measuring or cutting, until I thought to measure the original length of the board.  I consulted a carpenter’s book for the roof, which was built conventionally with a birds mouth to fit the landscape timbers on top of the walls, collar ties, and a ridgepole.  The only part of the cabin I probably could not have done myself was the ridgepole.  I put plywood on top of the roof,  and shingled it.  I wanted a metal roof, but the cost at the time was prohibitive.  At this point fall was fast approaching and I needed to get the cabin sealed for winter.  To fill in the gaps in the logs I used backer rod, which is formed from closed cell foam.  I was able to find it at a local hardware store in the mason’s section and I was able to order different sizes on line from a log kit company.  The backer rod filled in any gaps that were 1/8 inch or greater, and then I  put log jam over the backer rod.  Log jam is expensive stuff, but in my opinion, worth every penny due to the ease of use.  No mixing, simply squirt in in the gaps with a caulking gun and tool the excess with a putty knife.  I used 15 gallons for the whole outside of the cabin, with some left over for any gaps that might open later.   For heat I installed a woodstove and a back-up gas heater, along with a couple of small solar panels for lights.  I’m happy with the way the cabin came out, and I feel a huge sense of accomplishment when I stand back and watch the smoke coming from the chimney.

This is a portion of the story I felt fortunate to have published in the June 2006 edition of Fur Fish Game.

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True North

Years ago, while reading a magazine, I noticed the fine print at the end of a story stated that if the reader had any interest in outdoor pursuits and getting out of the rat-race to pick up a copy of True North by Eliot Merrick,  further mentioning that it was a must read classic.     I wrote the title and author down and made a mental note to take a look for it sometime.  Weeks later I looked on-line for the book and discovered it was out of print…some classic.  There were a few copies for sale on the second hand market, but at ridiculous prices.  I thought of giving up looking for it, but something was nagging at me to keep looking.  The author of the magazine article has seemed so adamant that it was a ‘must read’.  Deciding to take a second look I called the library and inquired after the book and surprisingly they had one.  But, it wasn’t in the mainstream catalog..rather it was classified under “B” for basement.  So, the next day found me in the basement of  the library replete with cobwebs and flickering bare lightbulbs looking for the book in the catacombs of stacks.  Suddenly, there it was;

TRUE NORTH
Elliot Merrick
B

I took it home and read it.  Then I read it again..this time jotting down the quotes that I liked.   Except it seemed that the whole book was a quote.   With a raise at work I then bought one of the copies on-line at  the ridiculous price and read it two more times.  (It has since been put back in print).
The Readers Digest condensed version of the story, written in 1933, is Elliot is fed up with the daily grind of city life and work, so he quits everything and moves to Labrador.  Great simple story right?  It’s the passion and emotion in the writing that gets you.

Why should a person leave all this day after day,  month after month, for the roaring city?……Every morning the fight began all over again….Each day the hours squeezed in like the sides of a vise….this great stone desert, these mammoth buildings, the subways,the screaming ads, the glittering, slippery tumult of cars and busses and white faces…the slums, the dirt and the smell and the ugliness, the water mains and lights…the street sweepers, the smoke, who wants them?  Not I. Why do we stand for it, what is it doing to us? Why am I working and paying for it?”
Who wants a little box of a house in a suburb, a little car with a little garage to put it in, and little hope?”
“Shall I live enmeshed in such a hopelessly organized  society that I am dependent upon and helpless before a butcher, a baker, a politician, a judge, a president….all of this is not much to me as the fall of one autumn leaf.”

Why must I be helpless before and dependent upon…. powerful words.  Think about that and re-read it – Helpless before and dependent upon.  Why are we that way?  Why don’t we do more things for ourselves?  Think about our food sources….the e-coli break outs, the antibiotics in our meat….I once got listeria from a contaminated hot dog and really thought I was going to die.   Think of the processed food we eat…what’s it doing to us?  What are the reasons for higher cancer rates?  For the higher rates of autism?
Who are you helpless before and dependent on and why?

It’s strikingly similar to Thoreau who wrote;
I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.”

Also similar to one of my favorite poems by Robert Service called Scared of it All It’s a long poem, but look it up if you are so inclined..it worth a couple of reads.

Elliot finishes his awakening with pounding on the wall in the middle of the night screaming in his mind that he was getting out.
Have you ever done that?  I have – maybe more metaphorically than physically perhaps, but I have.

This moment is worth twice what it cost, I should like to die in a place like this. I’d die five years sooner to be allowed to die here”
Have you ever been that emotional that you could die 5 years sooner just to be there?  I have…and I want to achieve that again.

Is it possible to achieve what Elliot did in this day and age?  Perhaps.  But probably not in the same way.
So, if you’ve ever pounded on the wall at night, if you feel you are “helpless before and dependent on”  too much, if you’ve ever experienced  the call of the woods, of living and embracing life itself, then get and read this book.  It will change you.  And it is a must read classic.

Italicized print represents excerpts from the book True North by Eliot Merrick

Note: When I was looking for this book, it was out of print.  It has since been republished and you can find a copy by clicking the link below:

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